This week, a Marine asked about running during the USMC three mile run. Here is his question: “Every time I run hard to get a good score on the three 3 mile PFT, or when I’m training for the test, I get a stomach cramp or side stitch about half way in the three mile timed run. My question is -- what can I do to prevent it and what can I do to stop the pain or lessen it?”

Running with stomach cramps is never fun, but there are ways to lessen or work through the pain -- or even prevent the cramps altogether.

First, it is still a big mystery to many physiologists and doctors as to what is the real cause of stomach cramps. The experts have theorized that the common side stitch is caused by the exertion that running and bouncing forces inside the abdominal walls. Basically, your stomach and other organs -- like the spleen and liver -- bump into each other as your feet jar the ground causing connective tissue to stretch on the nerves and cause pain. This connective tissue is also attached to your diaphragm which helps with breathing. This pain is usually on the right side and just under the ribs. Exercise like horseback riding, running, and sit-ups are common causes of the side stitch.

Here are some ways to prevent or lessen the pain of the common side stitch:

1) Do not run on a full stomach. You shouldn’t drink large amounts of water or eat 2-4 hours before exercise. Sip small amounts (1-2 swallows) before and during exercise and wait to fully re-hydrate until after the workout. Dehydration can cause cramping as well, so do not ignore water/Gatorade during running. Always sip a few swallows at regular intervals if running for more than 30 minutes and in hot temperatures.

2) Decrease fast pace for a few minutes and continue deep breathing techniques during running. A common running sequence is a three step inhale and two step exhale pattern. Slowing down your pace will allow for you to keep up with that pattern. As you increase to near maximum speed, your breathing will become more labored. However, you can push through the pain and keep your pace if you concentrate on breathing deep by pushing your stomach out when you inhale and relaxing it as you exhale. 

3) Pre-stretch before running by doing side torso twists. One of the best ways to pre-stretch the area is to lift your arms over your head and lean to the left and right at the waist.

4) Do more lower back and abdominal exercises -- see Stomach/Abs articles at the StewSmith.com Article Archive. Having a strong core will help you prevent the side stitch.

I hope these ideas can help you during your timed runs and training for faster paced running. If you have any questions, please feel free to email me at stew@stewsmith.com. Check out the StewSmith.com Fitness e-Book Store for more information on the Programs for passing nearly every PFT in the military as well as regular workouts for weight loss and general fitness.